The
AGELASTOS of Chios
by
Christina Stephen Agelasto
Translated from the Greek
by Stamati Michael Agelasto
1 Dec 1983
Reviewed by George L. Agelastos in Jan. 2007
The ILIAD
mentions a rock called AGELASTA
on which
Demetra (Ceres) wept
when her
daughter departed tor Hades.
(Translator'
s note: the literal translation
of agelasto
is “sullen, morose” and by extension
“that cannot be laughed at, that cannot be
derided or mocked". )
Byzance
The Agelastos are an ancient Byzantine family, their
name being mentioned in Byzance as far back as the 9th century.
We are informed that Basil Agelasto
was Notary of the Secretum of the Sea under the reign ot Michael III,
son of Theophilus (842-867); Secretum being a tribunal of judges
("Secretum est Iocus in quo sedent judices pro tribunali"). He was
the ninth of ten royal notaries who signed the treatise
“Tribunal maritimum demetitur navem peculiarem monasterii exemptam a tributis
secundum privilegia imperatorum, tradiditque eam monachis”. This was also
signed by two dignitaries of the Byzantine court: “Constantine, servant of our mighty
and holy king, the
first supreme noble and seamaster (?) (parathalassitis) from Kastamoni, as well
as the venerable seamaster (?) Constantine the Ralinos".
Also, Leon Agelasto held the title of “protospatharios” (1) under
the reign of Romanos I the Lecapinos (919-944). He declared himself a rival of
protospatharios Vardas Platypodis,
general of the Peloponnese, who then banished
him from that province. Agelasto, a most capable officer, had held back the
Slav tribes when repeatedly they attempted to invade the Peloponnese. These
tribes eventually profited by the incapacity of Vardas Platypodis and invaded
the peninsula, as had done also other tribes before them.
The Byzantine coat of arms of the
Agelastos is described as “a golden eagle-bearing three-tower castle" with
a cross between the twin heads of the Byzantine eagle. To this were entitled a
few very noble families, and it was similar to the emperor's which had a crown
in place of the cross.
HISTORlCAL
Like
all other military chiefs the Agelastos possessed a large feudal fortune,
especially in the great harbour of Smyrna. As many other Greeks, they
were compelled to abandon their estates there at the time of the
terrible Turkish invasions. With others, the Agelastos chose to retreat to
near-by Chios. This occurred in the 13th century.
Thus,
for the first time in 1346 we come across the name of the Agelastos in
Chios where, together with other dignitaries, George Agelastos signed on 12th
September 1346 the famous “Saint
Nicholas treaty” with the Genoese Admiral Simone Vignoso. The Genoese had
seized the island after a lengthy siege to which the Chiots had valiantly
resisted. Vignoso signed in the name of the Republic of Genoa; the Chios nobles
in the name of the emperor of Byzance,
who at that time was Andronicus III.
(1) the title was conferred on
commanders of themes up to the 10th
century; by the 11th c. it was held by lower military officers and
other functionaries. According to other sources, “protospatharios” was the
commander of the Emperor´s life guard.
The treaty was
signed in the church of Saint Nicholas of
the Mole (which still stands on the S.-E. grounds of the citadel) by the delegates of the nobility, the “Pentada”
(group of Five) of the time. The
signatories were George Agelasto and Sevastos Koressis (sindici et
procuratores), John "Caloyannis” Zyvos who held the citadel, Constas Zyvos
who was imperial primate, Michael Koressis the great chancellor (a religious
dignity). By this treaty Simone Vignoso recognized the rights of the nobility
and other inhabitants of the island.
Simone Vignoso, a
wise politician and experienced warrior, after taking Chios allowed by this
treaty the island's orthodox inhabitants their religious freedom and the right
to retain all their monasteries, parishes,
churches, etc with their lots and revenues, as well as the election of a bishop
according to the custom of the church of Constantinople.
The treaty refers to the privileges of the nobility, termed as
"commands" or “gold seals". They resided in the city of Chios
where, as the treaty reveals, they possessed 200 dwellings inside the citadel.
They owned one dwelling at Campos and frequently another at their country
estates.
At that time the
“Dodekada” (group of Twelve) of nobles
consisted of: Agelastos, Vouros, Sevastopoulos, Scaramangas, Rallis,
Prassakakis, Negreponte, Grimaldi, Galatis, Koressis, Contostavlos, and
Calvocoressis. Many of these did not
part and are still found together , …500 years later, in London.
The negotiation of
the treaty mentions also the deputies Damalas, of Greek descent, and Argenti, a
native of Chios but of Genoese origin, as were the Koressis, Zyvos, and others.
These Byzantine
lords (for they were rather Byzantine dignitaries than Chiot lords) signed the
treaty since, on the one hand they saw the hopelessness of further resistance
to the Genoese (Byzance being unable to
help), and on the other that the Genoese gave them security of tenure and of
their estates in Chios together with its other inhabitants. In concluding this
treaty they proceeded so to speak almost independently and uncontrolled because
of the slackness and powerlessness of the central authority. They did not miss to acquire also the title of Citizen of the Republic of Genoa, so advantageous at that time. Thus, a
Latin-Byzantine community was formed. The Genoese occupation lasted until 1566.
Byzance, and especially the Queen (the Empress?),
were said to have grieved over the loss of Chios but lacked the power to help.
The
"Korais" library of Chios contains numerous documents which refer to the Agelastos.
George Agelasto
(1408) is cited as an officer of the Citadel of Chios.
Stamati Agelasto is mentioned as a combatant in the Independence War of
1821. He served as secretary, steward, and
sergeant-major (1822-1825) under the orders of J. Pergamalis, and from
1825 to 1828 under those of Faviero.
An Agelasto
(Kalliga), a lady related to the Calvokoressi of the Egypt and Constantinople
branch, narrated the story of an Agelasto whom the Sultan invited to dine at
his palace with intention of having him executed after - as he had done with
other noble Greeks of Constantinople. As soon as he realized what was afoot,
this Agelasto rose, tendered his greetings and thanks to his host, and dragging
the Russian ambassador by the sleeve excused himself saying "I am sorry,
but this gentleman has just invited me
to be a guest at his house”. The Sultan acidulously commented that it is
difficult to fool an Agelasto! (an
allusion to the literal meaning of this name).
At the time of the
terrible massacres in Chios by the Turks, depicted with much realism in DELACROIX´s painting, a large part of the
population was saved from its shores in the ships sent from England by Cozí A.
Agelasto, great-grandfather of my father Stephen Cozí Agelasto (now President
of the National Historical Museum of Athens), son of Cozí Stephen Agelasto (a
Knight of the order of the Saviour).
Translator's
note: A parallel occurrence was narrated in the
branch of the Agelasto family from which I descend: that one of the Agelastos
who at the time (1822) found himself in Constantinople, having heard rumours of
the impending massacre chartered a ship which he sent to Chios to fetch his
wife and young son; that his wife prevailed upon the captain to take on board a
large number of Greek women with their children anxious to flee, and as a
result of disease that developed on board during this crowded voyage she died;
that when on reaching Constantinople the captain took the child ashore to hand
him to his master he found that in the meantime he had been hanged by the Turks;
the child, seized into slavery, was allotted to a turkish Pasha.
A few years later one Zerlenti, a rich Greek draper
established in Constantinople, on a country walk saw standing at the gate of a
large house a boy that bore great resemblance to one of his closest friends who
had been hanged by the Turks. After questioning the child he became convinced
this was indeed the son of his great friend, so hastened to the Pasha from whom
he bought back the boy for 250 gold pounds. He took him to his house, engaged a
priest to teach him to speak, read and write Greek in the secrecy of the
evenings, and about three years later took him into his business as an office
boy. The young man, Stamati Agelasto, turned out to be capable and was given
increased responsibility in the draper's business so that on reaching the age
of 21 he was taken into partnership by Zerlenti, whose daughter he married.
This was my grandmother Isabella Agelasto, born Zerlenti, who died in 1918. She
bore thirteen, children, all and their issue now dead; I am the last
survivor of this lineage (b. 16 Dec. 1901).
I possessed a genealogical tree of our family with
dates of births, marriages, and deaths, but alas this was stolen from me with
other papers in 1978.
Cozí A. Agelasto
was born in Chios in 1791 and died in
Constantinople in 1865 (church of St. Stephen in Constantinople). He married
Vierou Ralli (b. Chios 1801 - d. London 1885).
Augustus Agelasto,
only son of Stephen Agelasto and Katerina Ralli, of London, distinguished
himself during the Balkan wars in which Chios was liberated by the Greek
battalions in 1912.
"He fought as
a true hero" reported his chief. He fell four years later (6 Nov. 1916) on
the French front as an officer in the British army, in the service of the
country that had adopted him.
CHIOS: GRAVES
- CASTLES -
ESTATES
At that time the
Agelastos possessed great riches; they held high offices. The abundant natural resources of Chios favoured
them and they successfully competed in material wealth with the lords of Asia Minor.
Since their arrival
they were accepted by the nobility of Chios, as is proved by the part played by
George Agelasto at the time of the Genoese occupation.
From that time to
the present day this family has been considered to rank amongst the highest
nobility. In the course of the centuries it contracted many ties with most of
the noble families of Chios such as the Mavrogordatos, Rallis, Skylitsis, etc,
as well as with the counts Sordina of Corfu and other Greek nobility.
In one of their
castles at Chios the steward still remains in residence while the matter of its
inheritance indefinitely drags on.
The Chiots are proud of Campos with its stately homes and they all have
some story to tell.
The Agelastos
always benefited the island, and are remembered with admiration and gratitude.
When the Greek
state offered Cozi S. Agelasto (England 1860-1937) the possibility of claiming
the return of his estates in Chios he declined the offer, despite the fact that
he was no longer rich, lest the name of Agelasto became a cause of hardship to
the many who had taken possession of and dwelled on their lands.
Campos is a most
beautiful part of the island, with its flowers, rills , orange groves, and its
castles.
The Agelastos are frequently mentioned since 1518 in the various
manuscripts of the monasteries of
Chios. It was the time in which a part of the family lived at Campos,
where its estates reached as far as the vicinity of the church of Saint
Matrona, which no longer exists.
Zorzos A. is
mentioned in 1605, Tryfon A. in 1635, John A. in 1608.
Their estates at
Campos lay in the areas of Serva-Frangovouni, of Giazo, and at the villages of
Kalamoti and Kini. A part of the village is to this day called “Agelasti” –
“Agelagi” (“at the Agelastos”). At Serva the estate comprised the whole area,
from the family church of Saint Tryphon to the gardens called Kri and Kollimeno
and which at that time were called by the family's name.
The church of Saint
Tryphon was restored, or enlarged, by Pantia and Argyri Agelasto, as witnesses
the inscription dated 1889 that still exists. This church lies on the way to
Thymiana, after Trachys. It belonged originally to the Agelastos, later to the
Zifos family, and reverted to the Agelastos until this day. As early as in 1822
it is mentioned as belonging to the Agelastos.
It is a graceful little church which bears witness to the wealth of the
period and the skill of its builders. It is covered today by green overgrowth,
as are its surrounding courtyards and benches.
Behind the church there is a grave of the Agelastos family, covered with
a marble slab, on which is engraved the name of Augustinos I. Agelastos, who
died in 1879. His wife Argyró (1910) and
his two daughters Mariora (1889) and Julia (1892) are buried beside him.
The church is
ornamented by a carved and gilt wooden “templon” (2), old byzantine icons (one
of which is reputed to work miracles) and two old bibles dated 1745 and 1865
respectively, a very beautiful chalice, and large silver candlesticks. The
ceiling is vaulted.
Offices are
celebrated at Saint Tryphon alternatively with other churches at Campos by the
Rev. Pantelis of Saint Eustratios of Campos. They are attended by the
neighbouring farmers and gardeners. Prayers comprise the names of the direct
descendants and owners of the
Agelastos church. Those of the
departed owners: Tryphon (1822, executed by the Turks), Cozis (1865), Stephen
(1896), Cozis (1937) are also comprised in the prayers
A castle that had
belonged to the Agelastos was situated beyond the church of Saint John
Voudomatis (at Frangovouni) between the church and the Calvocoressi estate, on
the land that was once owned by N. Vrouzis, and is now the Deacon's. Only the
ground floor of this remains with its door overlooking the stream that flows from
Calvocoressi land into the river, and with characteristic sculptures on window
and door cornices.
This had not been a large castle. From what is left it appears to have
been built of freestone and with artistic effort as witnesses the outside of
its base.
Next to Saint
Tryphon, near Thymiana (a place named
“at Maroulous”), at the foothills
of Frangovouno, survives the lower part of another castle. Here lived
the other branch of the Agelastos. It was not very large, parts of it have been
recently rebuilt and is now inhabited by L. Philippidis. The ground and first
floors survive, the rest having been demolished for safety considerations. The
courtyard is paved and there is a well and stables which are now used for other
purposes. The spaces are separated by arches. The general condition of the
castle is not too good. The walls are low and have loopholes. The rooms are
paved in black and white, and the ceiling was designed by the architect Smith,
executed later. The windows on their inside have stone seats. When the Turks
came the silver was hidden in the well, but this overflowed and the silver
discovered. It appears that the chanter took away then many of the church's and
the house's
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) the richly ornamented partition
between sanctuary and main space of an orthodox church
possessions, which were later dispersed among the
peasantry. The castle's store-room had contained several documents and
leather-bound books. Amongst these a manuscript book of the family's and
estates' history and the history of the other families of Campos is now in the
possession of a neighbour.
Hadji-Lucas A. is
stated as the first inhabitant of the castle. As for Tryphon Agelasto, he was
murdered by the Turks in the church of Saint Tryphon. A bullet is embedded in
an icon in this church. He was the last but one owner of the castle, his nephew
Augustus A. being the last. He was very valiant and fought the Turks in the
Peloponnese. One of the Agelasto women was burned alive by the Turks at this
point of Campos.
The Agelastos´ large and main castle was in the region of Giazo, and to
this led the rill that flows by the S.-W. edge of the land of Ph. Argenti.
In this castle lived, around the middle of the 19th
century, Misse Pavlis Agelastos
(Psomas, i.e Baker) with his wife Batou Vitella (born Mavrocordato). Both are
buried at Our Lady (Panaghia) of Kokorovilia. There is evidence that this had
been a stately castle; it exists no longer, not even traces have survived since
the stones were used for the erection of a post-earthquake building. The
garden, called Psomadiko and/or Coronakiko is owned now by M. Skamboulos, and lies
beyond the southern end of the Argenti estate towards the rill .
Other property that had been owned by the Agelastos, at Campos, is now
in the hands of L. Vrouzi, George Kris, and M. Soukas, at the lane which, from the intersection of the main
road to Francovouni and the path to Serbo, leads along the foothills to Our Lady (Panaghia) of
Chaviara (near Saint Tryphon) and to the Rallis estate. These estates had been
the property of the Agelastos-Psomades (Bakers) - and to this day this
place is named “tou Psoma” [at the Baker´s] (Psoma bus stop).
On the estate of M.
Soukas has been preserved an outside door from which the Agelastos' coat of
arms has been removed, and some of the paving of an ancient courtyard, which
indicate that a castle, though of unknown proportions, had once existed there.
At another property of L. Vrouzi (at Collinenos, as it was once called)
several arches survive that had belonged to the Agelastos' old castle. The
entrance to the castle led to a large arcade which gave on to the courtyard, a
sign that the castle stood over its main entrance door instead of, as usual, in
continuation of the building beyond the courtyard. To the left of the central
arch, a series of other arches supported the castle, traces of which can still
be seen over its foundations. The Vrouzi building lies over the right part of
the castle's foundations. The courtyard extends over the back (northern)
part towards the garden, with a mosaic
paving of more recent construction.
On the West side of
Saint Tryphon's church most parts of the land had also belonged to the
Agelastos, but are today integrated
into neighbouring estates.
The Agelastos
possessed other properties also at Serva between the lane which from the river
(crossing of the road to Karfa over the torrent of Kokkalas) leads towards
Aghia Anastasia and extends to the foothills under the little church of Saint
Marina.
It is very likely
that the ruins of the little castle that stood on the path (rill ), and of
which the supporting arches survive, may have belonged to the Agelastos' castle
in that region. It appears that it was there that the family had settled in the
first place.
At the church of
Saint Sideros several of the Agelastos' graves can be found
The Agelastos' coat
of arms
It is of silver
with two azure lines (the colours of Byzance) side face with five grilles and
swordbelts in azure and silver.
Coats of arms were
awarded only to certified, proven and officially recognized nobles.
The colours of the
arms denote the origin of the family.
THE ANCIENT AGELASTOS OF CHIOS
1636-1733: Tryphon (Mises Tryphos)
Agelasto
Hadji-Zannis
1739 : Michael
Agelasto
1746: Nicholas
Agelasto and wife Keroula
Mises Pantelis
Agelasto and his wife Maria
who made a donation
to the Monastery of Moundon for a memorial service for them and John Agelasto
to be held each Friday evening and Saturday morning with distribution of
"colyva";
1746 : Pantelis
Agelasto, mentioned in Smyrna;
1743 &1764 : Hadji
Pantelis Agelasto
His
son Mises Dimitris Agelasto
1810 : (Mises)
Zannis Agelasto
1787 : Nicorozis
Agelasto, merchant in Smyrna
1764 : Michael Agelasto
end of 18th century:
Stephen Agelasto
Mises Stamatis Agelasto (or Psomas)
Zannis Psomas Agelasto
1787 : Cozis
Agelasto, b. Chios 1791, d. 1865;
His grave is at
Saint Stephen´s at Constantinople;
Stephen
Agelasto Michael;
1781: Dimitrios
Agelasto (Smyrna 1816);
Michael
Agelasto (Constantinople 1826)
His son Emmanuel and wife Ypatia (1870);
1802-1882: Constantine
Agelasto, d. Constantinople
His wife Aggerou (1812-1896)
and
son Augustus C. Agelasto (1852);
1814 &
1819: Leonis Agelasto (Constantinople);
1863: Stamatis Agelasto (Constantinople,) d. 1892
His wife Ypatia (1862)
His Father Menelaos
Agelasto; Aikaterini (Catherine) St. Agelasto (1834-1875).
Two elderly ladies lived in Chios until the end of the 18th century:
Franga Agelasto and Caterni (b. Skylitsi). A third, Angeliki had married an
Evgenidi.
Mise Pavlis Agelasto who lived at the magnificent castle of Giazo had
fathered Lucas, Stamati, Eustratio, and Loula. By his will practically the
whole of his property devolved to Loula, who later married Augustis Agelasto of
the Saint Tryphon branch (Keramareion Thymiana). There was no issue from this
marriage, but from Augustis´ second marriage two daughters were born who died
at an early age. Thus the family estates reverted to indirect relatives.
Towards the middle
of the 18th century one comes across the nickname “Psomas” (bread-baker), e.g.
Missé Stamatis Psomas Agelastos or simply Psomas, because on Sundays he
distributed bread to the people.
THE AGELASTOS OUTSIDE CHIOS
The Agelastos partnered other Chiots and established trades in
Constantinople and Smyrna : Agelasto
Cozis and Co., Agelasto and
Cazanovas, Agelasto Stamati N.,
Agelasto Paul L. Agelasto Augustis K., Agelasto
Stam. M., Agelasto
and Vouros.
In the 19th century
the family left Chios for Athens, England, and elsewhere.
The first to leave
for England were the Rallis, followed by the Argentis. These were followed by
the Agelastos, the Skylitsis, the Rodocanachis, the Mavrogordatos, the
Mavroyannis, the Petrokokkinos, the Eumorfopoulos, the Sekiaris, the
Scaramangas, etc., who made for the name of their island to convey a sense of
commercial ability and success.
They built the imposing orthodox church of Saint Sophia in London,
became British citizens, and frequently were distinguished fighting in the
British army; yet, they remained Greek in soul, married Greek girls, and
several returned to Greece even if somewhat late as witnesses the memorial to
Augustus Cozi Agelasto erected in his honour by the Municipality of Piraeus:
"Augustus Cozis surnamed
Agelasto saw the day in his beloved Chios and traveled to many lands. He
occupied himself honorably in lucrative commerce and with integrity acquired
riches. He never ceased to help his fellow-countrymen and in his lifetime he
erected this memorial for all his family in the breast of mother Greece, as he
wished to rest after death with his wife and his beloved children”
("D" Section of the Cemetery of The Resurrection (Arastasseos) in
Piraeus).
A branch of the
Agelastos (of Saint Tryphon) left for England in 1820. These were M. Agelasto,
Augustis K. Agelasto., John M. Agelasto and Stephen Agelasto, a
branch of whom returned to Greece at the end of the 19th century, and of which
I am the last descendant.
Translator's
Note: The translator issues from the
Mylonas or Psomas branch of the family and, as mentioned earlier, is alas the
last of this lineage.
Other Agelastos
live today in Constantinople, London, Marseille, Hamburg, the Sudan, Antwerp,
Paris, the U.S.A. (Virginia), and can be also traced in Russia.
The descendants of the Agelastos are numerous and I do not feel it
useful to mention them, though I possess notes in connection with them.
Stamati M. (S. M.) Agelasto acquired such wealth in the
cork and other trades that he bought the important castle of Fénelon near
Bordeaux in France (the ancient home of François de Salignac de la
Mothe-Fénelon, the well-known intellectual - 1651-1715), but has recently sold
it.
Other Agelastos had
trade connections with the Ralli Brothers (to whom they were related ) in India and elsewhere.
Peter Agelasto e.g.
(related to the Calvocoressis and Mavrogordatos) was born at Bombay„
and married in Paris in 1850.
Cozis A. Agelasto
transacted very profitable business in Persia selling textiles of English production. He once contrived to sell
on the Persian market at a high price material that had been faultily printed,
despite all the advice he had been given to get rid of it at any price. Even to
this day the incident is recalled in Persia.
Some of the
Agelastos, although living abroad, used their castle as their summer residence.
I once came across
the following inscription at the “A" Cemetery in Athens:
" Stephen D.
Agelasto of Chios
" Devout
follower of Christ, exceptional patriot and willing towards anything beautiful
" In the year
1867
" His grateful
relatives “
Saint Sophia
Builders and benefactors of Saint-Sophia in London amongst other Greeks,
mainly Chiots, were Augustus K. Agelasto and John M. Agelasto who served as
trustees before and after the erection of the church in 1879 (in 1867, 1873:
1887, 1888, 1889), as well as other members of the family in 1912, 1918, and
1920.
The immigrants from
Chios and other Greeks in England acquired the most beautiful hill of Norwood, the old and historical cemetery
of South London, and there, in the crypts, in open casings lined with lead, the
ancients who honoured the Greek name have bean preserved like mummies: Rallis, Agelastos, Argentis, Rodocanachis,
Petrokokkinos, Cassavetis, Embedocles, Balis, Ionides, a.o.
Unfortunately,
vandals have destroyed the memorials and stolen sculptures of great art, etc.
The Greek colony
promises, today, to do something about this.
CONCLUSION
The Agelastos in
general were upright, proud of their name, good parents, assiduous,
industrious, provident, born merchants but also warriors, always united and
faithful to their ties, nostalgic of their deep Greek roots.
----------------------------
------------------------------
I apologize for any
errors and many omissions.
Corfu,
1.12.1983
Christina
Stephen Agelasto
SOURCES and
REFERENCES consulted
-- Documents and
Archives of Genoa (Genoese occupation)
-- Philip Argenti:
(in French ) Libro d'Oro of the Chiot Nobility, vol. II Genealogical Trees
-- Constantin
Porphyrogenète: Administrando Imperio – vpl.III, Bonn. p. 223
-- F. Miklosich
and J. Müller: Acta et Diplomata Greca
Medi Aevi, Sacra et Profana, Vindobonae,
M. DCCC,XC:, t. VI pp. 12.2 –, Document XXXIII (6697-1118) mense
Decembri Ind. VII p. 124
-- C.
Pagano: Delle Impresse e del Dominio
Genovesi, Genova 1852, pp. 263, 27, 28,
34
-- G. Zolota: (in Greek)
History of Chios, Athens, 1927-8, Vol, A, Part I, p. 506, and I, 2, pp.
264 and 579
-- Rietstap:
Armorial General, ed. 1884, Supplement p. 1179
-- C. Pagano:
Convenzioni di Scio 1263
-- Georgiadi : St-Stefano at Constantinople: Saint John (Aghios
Ioannis) of the Chiots. 1781, 1852,
1814, 1819, 1892.
-- Libr. of Thrace,
Dracos, p. 71: Anastasius Agelasto Metrinos
-- T. E. Dowling
and W. Fletcher, London 1915: Hellenism in
England
-- Library
Civica Berio, Genoa
-- Chiotan Review,
Vol. IV, fasc. 12 - 1966
-- Nicole Zurich:
(in Greek) The problems of the
Genoese colonization of Chios in the 14th century
and the formation of a Latinobyzantine community – p. 168
-- D. Rodocanachi (Prince) Ioustiniani - Chios 1346-1884. Syros 1900, p. 53. National Library of
Athens, N° BEI 1037/a
-- World
Encyclopaedia of armed powers (in Greek)
-- Basos
Tsimbidaros : (article in Greek) A national monument of Hellenism abroad in
peril
-- George P. GEORGIADIS : (in Greek) The Holy Church of Saint John of the
Chiots at Galata. Constantinople, 1898, pp. 215,219, 232, 240
& f.
-- Michael Constantinidi: The Greek Orthodox Church, London, Oxford,
1933, pp. 131-4
-- P. Argenti : Chius Iiberata, John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1933. p. xix
-- Constantine
Porphyrogenetes : De Cerimoniis, t. II, Bonn, p. 3
-- Codex of Saint
George Sykoussis , ann. 1518, at Constantine N. Canellaki
"Chiaka Analekta", Athens, 1890, p. 9
-- Codex of Saint
John Moundon of Chios, pp. 389 - 484
-- Codex of the New
Monastery (Neas Monis) of Chios, ed. Gregory Photinos "Ta Neamonisia" 1865, pp. 203, 205, 209, 259
-- Neamonisia p.
203, Cod. St. Anargyros
-- Cod. Lat.
Episc., cod. Moundon c 1746, docum. Evang. School 1743 & 1764,
-- docum.
Lourentzi Skylitsi (1810 & 1816), cod. Lazar. 1787,
-- docum. Evangel. School, Smyrna, 1764.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am thankful to -
-- Nicolaos Z. Perris, journalist and historian
of Campos for his valuable cooperation in relation to the castles of Campos;
-- Philip Argenti (decsd), for his advice, and
regret that he died before I completed this work;
-- Mr Cavadas (decsd), teacher and Director of
the "Corais" Library at Chios, and of the Folklore
Museum of Chios;
-- My Father, who inspired me with love of our
family, and for his cooperation;
-- Mr Stephanou, teacher in Chios
-- L. Philippidis, for the photographs;
-- The neighbours at St. Tryphon, Thymiana, for
the information that they supplied;
-- Peter and Betsy Agelasto, for their
cooperation.